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A Brief Narrative On The Background Of The Ngorongoro Crater As Well As The Conservation Region In Tanzania
Ngorongoro crater is located within the Tanzania highlands. The Ngoronngoro Conservation makes up an ecosystem referred to as the Serengeti-Ngorongoro-Maasai Mara, interlocked on the east by the famous Rift Valley and to the west by Serengeti National Park. Though the scenery of Ngorongoro Conservation Area was formed a couple of million years ago, it still goes through modern geological processes.
The gneiss, granite outcrops and Ol Doinyo Mountains dotted Serengeti plains several hundred years ago. Twenty million years ago, the eastern region of Africa began to rift or simply fault causing the terrain within the fault lines to subside. The land around this region became weak as a consequence of the gradual thinning and also softening of the earth's crust. The molten materials inside the earth were easily thrust to the surface to form lava plateaus and volcanoes. Among the oldest volcanoes created are Lemagrut, Oldeani, Ngorongoro, Olmoti, Sirua, Lolmasin, Sadiman, and Empakaai. These volcanoes now form the towering cliffs at lake Eyasi. Ngorongoro is considered to have been higher than Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. However, its height was decreased as a result of block subsidence where the lava that built a solid lid eventually collapsed leaving behind an enlarged crater, the caldera we see today. Volcanoes that underwent like processes as Ngorongoro include Emrpakaai and Olmati yet the calderas did not form as enormously as that of Ngorongoro. There are two fairly recent volcanoes in the vicinity, Ol Doinyo Lanai and Kerimasi. They were formed along the Gregory Rift and lie to the northeast of Empakaai caldera. The Ol Doinyo Lengai Mountain, which is Maasai for Mountain of God, is still active and recently erupted in 1983. The molten rock produced by volcanoes has two major advantages: increasing fertility of soils for crop production outside Ngorongoro Conservation Area and sustenance of savanna grasslands which support the largest herds in the world. It does have another advantage,- though invaluable - the preservation of fossils that archaeologists and paleontologists build up a better understanding of the origin of mankind and other creatures that inhabited the part of the planet especially around Olduvai Gorge and Aetolia. Through erosion and deposition the surroundings of Ngorongoro Conservation area has been gradually transformed though much of it was formed about two million years in past.
A Ngorongoro safari offers guests an excellent glimpse into this natural spectacle which has maintained its origins for a million plus years.
A full day Ngorongoro crater tour begins as early as six in the am and lasts the whole day with picnic lunch taken on the bottom of the crater.
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